22860000 22860000 (`@````````` 266 263 5 110185200 110185200 Text Box: Effects of Battering over time on:   VICTIM:  Isolation from others — Low self-esteem, depression — Increased alcohol or drug abuse — Emotional problems, illness — Pain and injuries —Permanent physical damage — Death   CHILDREN:  Emotional problems, illness — Increased fears, anger — Increased risk of abuse, injuries, and death.  Repetition of abuse behavior.   ABUSER:  Increased belief that power and control are achieved by violence — Increase in violent behavior — Increased contact with law enforcement — Increased emotional problems — Decreased self-esteem.   SOCIETY:  Increase in crime — Increase in legal, police, medical and counseling costs, cost of prison — Perpetuation of cycle of violence — Perpetuation of myths of inequality of women and men — Decrease in quality of life. Text Box: CYCLE OF VIOLENCE Text Box: Phase 3 Calm Stages (this stage may decrease over time). Man may deny violence, say he was drunk, say he’s sorry and promise it will never happen again. Text Box: Phase 1 Increased tension, anger, blaming, and arguing. Text Box: Phase 2 Battering — hitting, slapping, kicking, choking, use of objects or weapons. Sexual abuse. Verbal threats and abuse.

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